MDPI launched a new publication platform at www.mdpi.com.
 
Deadline for Paper Submission:  30 June 2009

Editorial Office
Ms. Laura Simon, Ms Ann-Lauriene Haag, Ms Felicity Wright, Mr. Dietrich Rordorf, Dr. Shu-Kun Lin
Algorithms Editorial Office / MDPI, Molecular Diversity Preservation International, Kandererstrasse 25, CH-4057 Basel, Switzerland
Tel. +41 61 683 7734, Fax +41 61 302 8918; E-mail: algorithms@mdpi.org
Dr. Derek J. McPhee (USA, English corrections)

Guest Editor
Dr. Costas Busch
Department of Computer Science, Louisiana State University, 296 Coates Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
Tel: 225-578-7510; Fax: 225-578-1465
Email: busch@csc.lsu.edu
http://www.csc.lsu.edu/~busch

Editorial Board members working on this topic

Prof. Dr. Wilmar Hernandez
Department of Circuits and Systems, E.U.I.T. de Telecomunicacion, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid
Campus Sur UPM, Ctra. Valencia km7, 28031 Madrid, Spain
Tel.: +34 913367830; Fax: +34 913367829
E-mail: whernan@ics.upm.es
http://www.euitt.upm.es/17.Perso/directorio.php?coddep=ICS
Keywords: intelligent sensors, mechanical sensors, electronics, instrumentation, optimal signal processing, robust and optimal control.

Dr. Stefano Mariani
Dipartimento di Ingegneria Strutturale - Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
Tel. + 39  02 2399 4279, Fax + 39 02 2399 4220
E mail: stefano.mariani@polimi.it
http://www.stru.polimi.it/IT/index.plp
Keywords: MEMS, structural sensors, Kalman filtering.

Dr. Gruia Calinescu
Gruia Calinescu Department of Computer Science, Illinois Institute of Technology, Stuart Building, Room 236, 10 West 31st Street, Chicago, IL 60616,
USA
Tel: 1-312-567-5273, Fax: 1-312-567-5067
E-mail: calinescu@iit.edu
http://www.cs.iit.edu/~calinesc/
Keywords: Approximation algorithms, Design and Analysis of Algorithms, Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks, Algorithmic Graph Theory, Combinatorial  Optimization.

Prof. Dr. Evangelos Kranakis
School of Computer Science, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
E-mail: kranakis@scs.carleton.ca
http://www.scs.carleton.ca/~kranakis/
Keywords: Communication & Data Networks, Computational Molecular Biology, Distributed & Mobile Agent Computing, Wireless Ad Hoc & Sensor Networks, Network Security.

Dr. Pierre Leone
TCS - Sensor Lab, Computer Science Department, University of Geneva
Battelle bat. A, Route de Drize, 7, 1227 carouge, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel.: +41-22 379 75 38; Fax: +41-22 379 00 79
E-mail: pierre.leone@cui.unige.ch
http://tcs.unige.ch/doku.php/user/leone
Keywords: Sensor networks, energy balance mechanisms, dynamical analysis, geographic routing, optimal data propagation, networks lifetime.

Prof. Dr. Alberto Marchetti Spaccamela
Dipartimento di Informatica e Sistemistica, Via Ariosto 25, 00185 Roma, Italy
Tel. +39 - 06 77274021; fax: +39 - 06 77274002
E-mail: Alberto.Marchetti@dis.uniroma1.it
http://www.dis.uniroma1.it/~alberto/
Keywords: On-line Algorithms, Approximation Algorithms, Graphs Algorithms, Network Algorithms, Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks.

Dr. Yu Wang
Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina at Charlotte
9201 University City Blvd., Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
Tel.: +1-704-687-8443
Email: yu.wang@uncc.edu
http://www.cs.uncc.edu/~ywang32/
Keywords: Distributed Algorithm, Graph Theory, Networking Algorithm, Wireless Ad Hoc & Sensor Networks.

Summary
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Keywords
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Review papers published or to be considered


Submission

All papers should be submitted to algorithms@mdpi.org. To be published continuously until the deadline and papers will be listed together at the special issue website.
 
Submitted papers should not have been previously published nor currently under consideration for publication elsewhere. All papers are refereed through a peer review process. A guide for authors is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Algorithms is an international peer-reviewed quarterly journal published by Molecular Diversity Preservation International.
 
Open Access publication fees are 800 CHF per paper. English correction fees and/or formatting fees (250 CHF) will be added in certain cases (1050 CHF per paper for those papers that require extensive additional formatting and/or English corrections.). For the first two issues to be published in 2008 the publishing fees will be waived for well-prepared manuscripts.


Planned Papers

Manuscript ID: algorithms-20080831-jia-cn
Authors: Zhen Jia, Arjuna Balasuriya and Subhash Challa
Title: Autonomous Vehicles Navigation with Visual Target Tracking: Technical Approaches
Abstract: This paper surveys the developments of the last 10 years in the area of vision based target tracking for autonomous vehicles navigation. First, the motivations and applications of using vision based target tracking for autonomous vehicles navigation are presented in the introduction section. It can be concluded that it is very necessary to develop robust visual target tracking based navigation algorithms for the broad applications of autonomous vehicles. Then this paper reviews the recent techniques in three different categories: vision based target tracking for the applications of land, underwater and aerial vehicles navigation. Next the increasing trends of using data fusion for visual target tracking based autonomous vehicles navigation are discussed. It can be seen that through data fusion the tracking performance is improved and becomes more robust. Based on the reviews, the remaining research challenges are summarized and future research directions are investigated.

Authors: S.Paloscia, P.Pampaloni, S.Pettinato, E.Santi
Title: Retrieval algorithms for estimating soil moisture and vegetation biomass from satellite microwave images
Abstract: to be added soon

Authors: Wendong Xiao, Institute for Infocomm Research, Singapore; Lihua Xie, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Sen Zhang, National University of Singapore; Frank L. Lewis, the University of Texas at Arlington, USA
Title: Energy-Efficient Adaptive Sensor Scheduling for Target Tracking in Wireless Sensor Networks.
Abstract: to be added soon

Authors: D.J. Moreau, B.S. Cazzolato and A.C. Zander
Title: A Review of Virtual Sensing Algorithms for Active Noise Control
Abstract: Traditional local active noise control systems minimise the measured acoustic pressure to generate a zone of quiet at the physical error sensor location. The resulting zone of quiet is generally limited in size and this requires that the physical error sensor is placed at the desired location of attenuation, which is often inconvenient. To overcome this, a number of virtual sensing algorithms have been developed for active noise control. Using the physical error signal, these virtual sensing algorithms estimate the error signal at a location that is remote from the physical error sensor, referred to as the virtual location. Instead of minimising the physical error signal, the estimated error signal is minimised with the active noise control system to generate a zone of quiet at the virtual location. This paper will review a number of virtual sensing algorithms developed for active noise control. Additionally, the performance of these virtual sensing algorithms in numerical simulations and in experiments is discussed and compared.

Authors: Atsushi Matsuoka and Victoria J. Hill
Title: Deriving phytoplankton light absorption of the Arctic Ocean using ocean color: implications for phytoplanktonic response to ongoing global warming
Abstract: to be added soon

Author: Steve Ou
Title: Satellite remote sensing algorithms for cirrus cloud detection and retrieval
Abstract: to be added soon

Author: Vladimir Arabadzhi
Title: ALGORITHM OF ACTIVE SUPPRESSION OF RADIATION AND SCATTERING  ACOUSTICAL FIELDS OF SOME PHYSICAL BODY IN LIQUID
Abstract: An algorithm of real time suppression of radiation and scattering fields of vibrating smooth closed surface of arbitrary shape body in a liquid is designed and investigated. The range of suppression frequencies permits both small and large wave dimensions of the surface protected. An active control system designed consists of: (a) a subsystem for fast forming of desired distribution of normal oscillatory velocities or displacements (on the basis of pulsed Huigence's sources) and (b) a subsystem for catching and targeting of incident waves on the basis of one level grid of the monopole microphones, embracing the surface protected. The efficiency and stability of control algorithm are considered. The algorithm forms the control signal during the time much smaller than the minimum time scale of the waves to be damped. The algorithm suggested includes logical and nonlinear operations, thus excluding reduction of the control system to some traditional combination of linear electric circuits with steady-state parameters constant in time. This algorithm converts some physical body in liquid into a transparent body relating to some predetermined class of incident waves.      The active control system requires accurate information on its geometry, but need’t  both a prior and current information on the vibroacoustical characteristics of the surface protected which present a vast data amount in practical cases.

Authors: Jin Zhang, Si-wang Zhou, Ya-ping Lin, Guang Li
Title: A survey on routing algorithms based on sensor position information in sensor networks
Abstract: to be added soon

Author: Dmitry Pozdnyakov
Title: Semi-empirical algorithm for the retrieval of ecology-relevant water constituents in various aquatic environments
Abstract: to be added soon

Author: Kuncup Iswandy and Andreas König
Title: Methodology, algorithms, and emerging tool  for automated design of intelligent integrated multisensor systems
Abstract: to be added soon

Author: Benjamin B. Spratling and Daniele Mortari
Title: A Survey on Star Identification Algorithms
Abstract: The author surveys algorithms used in star identification, commonly used in star trackers to determine the attitude of a spacecraft.  Star Trackers are a staple of attitude determination systems for most types of satellites.  The paper covers: (a) lost-in-space algorithms (when no a priori attitude information is available), (b) recursive algorithms (when some a priori attitude information is available), (c) and non-dimensional algorithms (when the star tracker calibration is not well-known).  The performance of selected algorithms and supporting algorithms are compared.

Author: Sheng Li, Jianqi Wang, Tian Liu, and Xijing Jing
Title: Wavelet Entropy for Millimeter Wave Conducted Speech Enhancement
Abstract: By means of millimeter wave radar, a new non-air conducted speech detecting method is developed in our laboratory. Since the special attribute of the millimeter wave, this method may extend the traditional speech detecting method to a large extent. However, the additive combined noises which are composed of radar harmonic noise, electrocircuit noise, and ambient noise corrupted the radar speech greatly. This study, therefore, proposed an improved spectrum subtract algorithm, which is based on adaptive detecting voiced and unvoiced section by using wavelet entropy analysis. The results from both simulation and evaluations are also compared to the traditional spectral subtraction algorithm, suggest that this method achieves a better reduction of the whole-frequency noise, as well as musical noise, and yields good speech quality.

Author: Gabriel Senay
Title: Modeling Landscape Evapotranspiration by Integrating Land Surface Phenology and a Water Balance Algorithm
Abstract: Existing vegetation water balance models require region- and vegetation-specific parameters to establish water-use patterns using crop coefficients (Kc). The main objective of this study is to present an improved modeling technique called Vegetation ET (VegET) that integrates commonly used water balance algorithms with the remotely sensed Land Surface Phenology (LSP) parameter to conduct operational vegetation water balance modeling at a global scale using readily available data sets. A new modeling approach is presented that integrates water balance algorithms with LSP-based Kc with the primary objective of estimating actual evapotranspiration (ETa) at the spatial resolution of the LSP data set. Daily ETa grids were produced for 2005 and 2006 for the conterminous United States at 5-km resolution. Daily ETa variations were compared to latent heat flux estimates from AmeriFlux sites. The spatial distribution of daily and seasonal ETa depicted the general vegetation water-use patterns in the conterminous United States with good agreement to reported drought incidences. The temporal variation of ETa from the VegET model and point-estimated ETa from AmeriFlux measurements were comparable in both energy- and water-limiting environments with a correlation coefficient (“r”) > 0.71 on a daily basis and “r” > 0.87 for 10-day aggregation periods. The availability of global data sets and the relative ease to set up the model make VegET an ideal tool for operational applications to monitor crop and vegetation performance. Other derivative products of the model such as root zone soil moisture and runoff also have potential uses for estimating large-scale watershed water balance components.
Key words: evapotranspiration, modeling, phenology, land surface, VegET, remote sensing

Manuscript ID: algorithms-20080912-zhang-cn
Authors Shuo Zhang 1,*, Juhua Pu 1, Zhang Xiong
Title: Fault-tolerant Deployment with Reliable K-connectivity for Sensor Networks
Abstract: Since wireless sensor networks are prone to failure, prolonging their lifetime and preventing loss of connectivity are significant. Although K-Connectivity- Repair Algorithm can achieve k-connectivity for sensor networks, it also has shortcoming in the reliability
which is a key to reach multi-connectivity. In this algorithm, output sensors are prone to both damages from their environment and inner failures such as battery demise. The paper proposes a novel Reliable K-Connectivity-Repair Algorithm, whose contribution lies in two aspects. First, add as few as possible nodes to a sensor network such that the resulting network is k-connected; Second, strong reliability and robustness of communication are in sensor networks.
Keywords: Wireless Sensor Networks; Fault-tolerant; Deployment; K-Connectivity

Authors Olivier Léonard and Sébastien Borguet
University of Ličge, Belgium
Title: Variations on the Kalman filter for aircraft engine health monitoring
Abstract: The concept of condition-based maintenance is widely recognised in the aircraft engine community as a means to improve engine safety and operability as well as to reduce its life cycle costs. In this perspective, generating a reliable information about the health condition of the engine is a requisite. Module performance analysis aims at assessing the changes in the performance of the engine components, described by so-called health parameters, on the basis of measurements collected along the gas path of the engine. Among numerous possibilities, the evaluation of the health parameters can be cast as a parameter estimation problem. The celebrated Kalman filter has enjoyed a reasonable
success in estimating the health parameters. This algorithm can be seen as a minimum mean-squared-error (variance) estimator within a recursive framework. With respect to the specificity of engine performance monitoring, the Kalman filter possesses a number of appealing features. Indeed, it takes into account the noisy nature of the data, it allows a prior knowledge to be set on the parameters, it is recursive and it has a moderate computational burden. Modifications of the generic algorithm can however be considered in order to further enhance its capability to track accurately the health condition of an engine. Three directions investigated by the authors are reported in the subsequent
paragraphs.
The first area for possible enhancement is the robustness of the Kalman filter with respect to sensor faults. In the derivation of the Kalman filter, the measurement noise is modelled as a zero-mean, white, gaussian random variable. Obviously, this assumption is not verified when instrumentation faults occur. As a result, the identified health parameters tend to diverge from their actual values which strongly deteriorates the relevance of the diagnosis. Robustness against outliers can efficiently be blended in the algorithm by replacing the Gaussian distribution for the measurement noise by the Huber distribution, leading to a Quadratic Programming problem for which efficient solvers are available. The second area for improvement is linked to the temporal evolution of the engine health. The Kalman filter has proven its capability to track gradual deterioration with a good accuracy, but its response to an abrupt fault is a long delay in recognising the fault, and/or a spread of the estimated fault on several components whereas it generally impacts only a reduced number of them. The main reason of this deficiency lies in the transition model of the parameters that is blended in the Kalman filter and assumes a smooth evolution of the engine condition. The tracking of abrupt faults is enhanced by combining the Kalman filter and a secondary system that monitors the residuals in order to detect and estimate the abrupt fault event.
The third area for innovation is related to the nature of the data. Most of the applications reported so far make use of measurements collected during steady-state operation of the engine. However, processing measurements obtained during transient operation of the engine has been shown to significantly improve the diagnosis procedure. The level of information about the condition of the engine is indeed much richer during a transient sequence due to the large number of operating points traversed. During a transient analysis, two tasks must be performed simultaneously : the estimation of the state variables associated to the dynamic behaviour of the engine and the identification of the health parameters. This is carried out by running two Kalman filters in parallel, each dedicated to one of both tasks.
The present paper reviews the aforementioned modifications to the Kalman filter at the theoretical level and illustrates the expected improvements through a number of scenarios simulated with a generic commercial turbofan model.

Author: Achim Lilienthal
Örebro University, Department of Technology, AASS Learning Systems Lab, 70182 Örebro, Sweden
Title: Kernel Extrapolation Methods for Probabilistic Gas Distribution Modelling
Abstract: Gas distribution modelling is the task of deriving a truthful representation of the observed gas distribution from a set of spatially and temporally distributed measurements. It is a very challenging task mainly because in many realistic scenarios gas is dispersed by turbulent advection. Instead of trying to solve the fluid dynamics equations, we propose to create a probabilistic model of the observed gas distribution, treating gas sensor measurements as random variables. To create a probabilistic gas distribution model, we propose and discuss Kernel extrapolation algorithms, which model the observed variance in addition to the distribution mean. We derive the algorithm and present a method for learning the hyper-parameters. Based on real world data collected with a mobile robot that was periodically stopped at pre-defined points to carry out the measurements, we demonstrate the consistency of maps obtained from stationary and mobile sensors and present a quantitative comparison with alternative approaches.

Author: Turgay Temel
Title: A Power-aware Distributed Routing and Tasking Algorithm for Optimized Coverage of De-centralized Sensor Networks
Abstract: Sensor networks (SNET) are considered to be a major research area to benefit from multi-agent supervising of shared information concerning particular tasks, including target tracking, environmental mapping etc. Due to limited resources available, such as power and bandwidth, routing each sensor toward a specific task is an outmost important. However, in case of de-centralized tasking, a query-server (QS) should be elected such that an individual sensor assigned by it needs to be tasked for an optimized network coverage with limited power budget. Depending on the domain which may be deterministic or stochastic, the election of a locally-centered QS will impose an ill-conditioned burden for conservative use of resources, which also determines the lifetime of overall network. The de-centralized network configuration necessiates efficient investigation on possible scenarios of election for a QS and covered sensors. This study investigates a new approach to determine candidate QSs toward optimized network lifetime and network coverage based on power-awareness capability with neigboring sensors. A routing and task-assignment algorithm is also proposed and relevant performance measures are given and compared to previous algorithms.

Authors: Banghua Yan and Fuzhong Weng
Title: An investigation of DMSP Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) nonlinearity
Abstract: will be added soon

Author: Lingyu (Lucy) Yu and Victor Giurgiutiu
Title: Sensor Algorithms for Damage Detection with Active Sensing Technology
Abstract: will be added soon
 
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Algorithms Editorial Office, MDPI
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