ChemBase: a computer information system with chemical data for Chinese medicine Tsz-Pun Chan, Foo-Tim Chau*, Kwok-Leung Cheung, Chun-Hung Suen(Union Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology ,The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, China) Received Apr. 16, 1999; Supported by the Research Committee of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University (Grant Nos. A020 and G-V422).. Abstract A multi-media software package, ChemBase, has been developed and implemented for collecting, and retrieving information of Chinese medicine. ChemBase consists of two subprograms, namely CMBASE and CHIMED. The database CMBASE contains general information of Chinese medicine as well as that from chemical analysis not available in most software of this kind. Addition of new data or revision of existing records is allowed. CHIMED is a user interface for data processing. It makes ChemBase more user-friendly and easy to use. In addition, a World-Wide-Web site was setup in the INTERNET for the public to access the information about traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Keywords Chinese medicines, Database, Multimedia 1. INTRODUCTION 2. DESCRIPTION OF CHEM BASE Table 1. Data files of Chinese medicines under study
The database CMBASE with CM data was developed under
Access Ver. 7.0 in the Microsoft Windows 95 environment [6]. Access was used
because it is a relatively low-cost and easy to communicate with other programs available
for IBM compatibles, such as Visual Basic. The chemistry database software such as
ISIS/Base and CS/find were not adopted in this work mainly because they are expensive and
not as popular as the Microsoft softwares. The structure of CMBASE is depicted in Figure
1. It contains text, graphic and audio data. Four tables of Herb1, Herb2, Eherb1 and
Eherb2 were utilized in CMBASE to hold the text information recorded under different
fields. Herb1 and Herb2 were presented in Chinese while the corresponding ones, Eherb1 and
Eherb2, in English. CM data including general and chemical information are archived in one
of the four tables (see Figure 1). The filename is composed of five digits plus one
character code with the last two digits being the serial no. For example, the file
"00001a" under the directory "picture" (Table 1) contains information
of the first picture as indicated by the character "a" of the CM which is the
first record in CMBASE with the corresponding "Serial_No." being one. As shown
in Table 1, there are four pictures available for the first CM "Chuanwu". The
filenames for the second, third and fourth pictures are "00001b",
"00001c" and "00001d" respectively. The graphic data of CMBASE contain
the appearance pictures before and after processing of the medicine[7] ,
thin-layer chromatographic (TLC) patterns[7] and as well as X-ray
diffraction[8] and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) spectra[8]
of the CMs. The pictures and related graphics for the CMs chosen in this work were
acquired by utilizing a HP Scan jet II[9] with 100 dpi. As for the audio
data, the method for naming the file is similar to that for graphics. These data with
pronunciation of the medicine name in both Chinese and English versions were recorded
digitally by a SoundBlaster compatible sound-card[10] through a microphone in
Wave file format. Fig.2 The main menu provided by CHIMED. With this user interface, the basic text information and appearance picture of CM can be displayed. The main menu provides a fast way for the user to access most CHIMED functions via keyboard. Besides, one may select which kind of information is needed or wanted to know, for example, the toxicity of a particular CM. By using the arrow button, the previous record or the next one can be viewed. Most icons are labeled with text to explain their functions so as to minimize the chance of misunderstanding and misleading. As for the searching part, the user may search a CM through seven different items of name, alias, classification, symptom, nature, picture or spectrum. This should meet the need of most users and professionals. For instance, in searching via name, one can input the name of the medicine or selected it from the list. Then CHIMED will search the "name" field of the database, CMBASE, and to show information of the one that matches the input. If a class is chosen, the "class" field will be searched and all CMs with the desired class will be listed. For the "nature" searching, a list of medicine's natures including warming the body, alleviating pain, increasing circulation, and others will be shown. One may select the desired items and the related medicines together with their information will be displayed. With regard to the searching via appearance pictures, X-ray spectrum or chromatogram, it is mainly carried out by the browsing mode provided by CHIMED. The desired picture or spectra can be selected by the user. CHIMED will provide a few graphics data in the screen. After choosing the picture or spectra, the computer will show the information about that CM. Beside browsing information, one may add new record to CMBASE by using the data format adopted by ChemBase. CHIMED was developed in Visual BasicTM (VB) 6.0 [11]. All the data in CMBASE are presented via CHIMED. Its searching facility was accomplished by using SQL (Structure Query Language) [12]. SQL is a non-procedural, English-like query language based on relational calculus. ChemBase may be executed under Microsoft Windows 95 using a P5 or higher IBM compatible PC. 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONA multimedia software, ChemBase, was developed and implemented in this work to store medical and chemical information of Chinese medicine. The appearance and chemical information of TLC and DSC patterns as well as IR spectra are included as graphic data. Text and audio data can also be stored. ChemBase has several advantages over the existing databases of traditional Chinese medicines in medicinal chemistry. Firstly, one may search the desired CM not only by its name or formula but also by its properties or functions against a particular disease. Several searching methods are provided to satisfy the needs of different users. Secondly, it is more flexible for the user. In ChemBase, records in CMBASE can be added or revised as he/she likes by following the right formats, for example, the picture dimension. In addition, one may also add remarks to any CM because CMBASE is an expandable database. This is a useful facility for database software packages. Although only forty-five CMs are included in CMBASE, it can be expanded to hundreds or thousands of CMs by storing these data in harddisk also. This work is just to introduce the functions of ChemBase provided. Moreover, Chinese medicine was employed as an example for applying ChemBase. We wish this work can enhance the interest of people on Chinese medicines because more and more people find CM an effective and valuable health care alternative. Hence, besides the development of ChemBase, a homepage has been established by our group for searching information about traditional Chinese medicine on the Internet through various media (URL Address: http://fg702-6.abct.polyu.edu.hk/tcm.html). It can reduce the time on searching the right materials and help the user to get the desired information via a user-friendly interface. There are limitations in using ChemBase in the present version. For example, although it is an expandable database, yet the number of fields and the field names are fixed. One can only input data under the given field names but cannot add a new field or change the field name of CMBASE. For future development of ChemBase, more flexible environment should be provided to the user. 4. CONCLUSION A multimedia software package, ChemBase, has been developed for collecting, searching and re-organizing existing information of Chinese Medicine. Besides TCM, ChemBase can be applied to other chemistry or related disciplines just by changing the filename of CMBASE as listed in Figure 1. New text, graphic and audio data may be inputed into CHIMED by following the right formats for data archive such as the picture dimension and colour depth. In addition, ChemBase allows inputting information of Chinese medicine in Chinese or English. Therefore, it is suitable for different disciplines. 5.ACKNOWLEDGMENTS REFERENCE |
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